Since the follicular walls in the pilo-sebaceous unit is untouched before puberty, it has been postulated that if colonization of Proprionibacterium acnes happens in sufficient quantities they create antigenic molecules that promote the initiation of inflammation. Proprionibacterium acnes can produce proteinases, lipase, and hyaluronate lyase all of which may act as the catalysts or promoters of the inflammatory infiltrate which is composed of neutrophils and lymphocytes.

Hormonal Cause of Acne

The key player in the cause of acne in adolescence is hormones. At this stage androgens interact with receptors on the sebaceous glands and cause stimulation of the sebaceous gland to hypertrophy and hence form more sebaceous synthesis of lipids and free fatty acids which dilate the follicular conduct. More specifically, there is evidence for enhanced peripheral metabolic transformation of the androgen testosterone to dihydrotestosterone at the level of the skin in people suffering from acne.

How Acne Forms

The basic lesion in this condition called acne vulgaris is the comedo. When in contact with oxygen the comedo becomes dark and forms what you know as a blackhead. The comedo is created by retention of layers of devitalized skin called keratin in the walls of the follicles. In addition to hyperkeratosis (which is thickening or trapped layers of keratin), there is an accumulation of sebum. The combination of the keratin and the sebum produces a plugging of the opening of the follicular conduct, and papules are made by inflammation around the comedones. Depending on the degree of inflammation, nodules, cars, pustules, granulomatous reactions, cysts, and keloids may appear.

Development of Acne

Inflammatory Reaction

Airborne contamination and other harmful elements further exacerbate the inflammatory response. As microbes start to grow within the blocked pore your defensive system responds by releasing granulocytes and macrophages, which are groups of white blood cells that destroy the microbes. The inflammation process is needed to eliminate the continuing consequences of excess bacteria and signal the body to repair the harm to tissues. Often times the defensive response system can't stop the multiplication of acne bacteria due to lack of white blood cells or an impaired system.

Activity of the Sebaceous Gland

When a comedo is clogging the exit of the sebum ducts, the sebaceous glands continue to form sebum, which gathers in the sebum conduct increasing the comedo in size. The expansion in size results in pressure and leads to a more intense inflammation response in the nearby skin and creates discomfort, redness, swelling, and a mass (pimple, redhead, acne papule).

Growth of Acne Bacteria

The above factors encourage the growth of microbes and result in infection within the duct, the sebaceous gland, and nearby tissue. The commencement of the infection makes further inflammatory alterations, therefore beginning a cycle of accentuated blockage of the outflow of sebum which leads to even more pressure, inflammation, and progressing infection making cysts and pustules to occur. The effect on skin tissues caused by such infections is very damaging and the healing process commonly ends in a scar.

Treatments For Acne

To find a good pimple solution, you must remember that all individuals have different needs. Try a variety of acne products, starting with the milder one, until you find what works for you. A good skin treatment can be the end of your acne.

Scars, blemishes and marks left behind by various acne ailments can now be quickly eliminated thanks to a biological skin care product made with a non-allergenic, non-irritant special ingredient for the regeneration of your skin.